{"id":1394,"date":"2025-01-11T15:09:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-11T15:09:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/?page_id=1394"},"modified":"2025-01-12T12:43:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T12:43:27","slug":"afazie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/?page_id=1394","title":{"rendered":"Af\u00e1zie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-1sdi10i-e57f129f4e61268253dd78fbb10f8096 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1ppo3he-6f1c474f48aeb8d8c27b69523bf6ac82\">\n.flex_cell.av-1ppo3he-6f1c474f48aeb8d8c27b69523bf6ac82{\nvertical-align:middle;\nheight:500px;\nmin-height:500px;\nbackground-color:#22689e;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-1ppo3he-6f1c474f48aeb8d8c27b69523bf6ac82{\npadding:80px 80px 80px 80px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-1ppo3he-6f1c474f48aeb8d8c27b69523bf6ac82 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  avia-full-stretch'  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217{\npadding-bottom:25px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5sbmers-9608ba6c4307b34ead8daebf0bbeb217 av-special-heading-h3 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  > Af\u00e1zie &#8211; Porucha jazykov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu <br \/>a jeho individu\u00e1ln\u00edho u\u017eit\u00ed<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sbo3l2-871b0f69ec8a76f7698ee9cf3582c4a5\">\n.flex_cell.av-m5sbo3l2-871b0f69ec8a76f7698ee9cf3582c4a5{\nvertical-align:middle;\nheight:500px;\nmin-height:500px;\nbackground:url(https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/efb073fc369648698802b4983f84295b.jpg) 0% 0% no-repeat scroll #22689e;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-m5sbo3l2-871b0f69ec8a76f7698ee9cf3582c4a5{\npadding:80px 80px 80px 80px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-m5sbo3l2-871b0f69ec8a76f7698ee9cf3582c4a5 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  avia-full-stretch'  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-1o5y4z6-55f9eeaffc1fbd8d42090e828a9e41b8 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_layout_row  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-1394'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1m6e9hu-f2e8a1b3fb29fbc911fcdea68a041f5a\">\n.flex_column.av-1m6e9hu-f2e8a1b3fb29fbc911fcdea68a041f5a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1m6e9hu-f2e8a1b3fb29fbc911fcdea68a041f5a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-5  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-1j3ycs2-047135767cdc24bd210ae79534fdaa29 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b nen\u00ed af\u00e1ziologie p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu jen neurolog\u016f, logoped\u016f, foniatr\u016f a otorhinolaryngolog\u016f. St\u00e1le v\u00edce se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s dal\u0161\u00edmi obory, kter\u00e9 se problematice af\u00e1ziologie v\u011bnuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Mezi tyto obory pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm neurov\u011bdy jako neurobiologie, neurofyziologie, neuroanatomie, psychologick\u00e9 v\u011bdy jako kognitivn\u00ed psychologie, neuropsychologie, klinick\u00e1 psychologie, lingvistika a jej\u00ed obory jako psycholingvistika a neurolingvistika, ale i biokybernetika a biofyzika<\/p>\n<p><strong>(Cs\u00e9falvay, Traubner, 1996).<\/strong><br \/>\nTento multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v pojet\u00ed problematiky, v terminologii, vymezen\u00ed definice. Pro n\u00e1zornost jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy k t\u00e9to problematice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mimrov\u00e1 (1997)<\/strong> rozum\u00ed af\u00e1zi\u00ed \u00faplnou nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou neschopnost p\u0159ij\u00edmat a vys\u00edlat symbolick\u00e9 k\u00f3dy mluven\u00e9 nebo psan\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di na podklad\u011b jednostrann\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed mozku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dvo\u0159\u00e1k (2001, s.11)<\/strong> ve sv\u00e9m slovn\u00edku uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u201eneschopnost rozum\u011bt jazykov\u00fdm symbol\u016fm a neschopnost je u\u017e\u00edvat; dysf\u00e1zie &#8211; men\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 t\u00e9to neschopnosti; obecn\u011b u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd term\u00edn pro ztr\u00e1tu nau\u010den\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed dorozum\u00edvat se \u0159e\u010d\u00ed (mluvenou, \u010dtenou, psanou) organick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako d\u016fsledek lo\u017eiskov\u00e9 l\u00e9ze[1] korov\u00fdch a podkorov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed mozku.\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cs\u00e9falvay (1996)<\/strong> definuje af\u00e1zii jako z\u00edskan\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti, kter\u00e9 postihuje v\u0161echny modality \u0159e\u010di a v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e i v\u0161echny jazykov\u00e9 roviny. Vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i lo\u017eiskov\u00e9m posti\u017een\u00ed mozku jako n\u00e1sledek syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho vlivu mozkov\u00e9 l\u00e9ze na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed psychick\u00e9 funkce \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n<p>[1] Odum\u0159el\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1hk91f6-c833ff99bdaa4728c6362bbfafa2a9e6\">\n.flex_column.av-1hk91f6-c833ff99bdaa4728c6362bbfafa2a9e6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1hk91f6-c833ff99bdaa4728c6362bbfafa2a9e6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1fwfek2-954e0edff2e68d7f6e92c549a93e4018 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-8  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  > Fatick\u00e9 funkce<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-1e8vuci-e5994a6e42f31e76f1a69cf525b6cb10 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>V problematice af\u00e1ziologie se neust\u00e1le opakuje term\u00edn fatick\u00e9 funkce, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 neopomenout jejich terminologick\u00e9 vymezen\u00ed.<br \/>\nFatick\u00e9 funkce jsou specificky lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, jako je schopnost mluvit, \u010d\u00edst, ps\u00e1t, po\u010d\u00edtat a rozum\u011bt mluven\u00e9 i psan\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di (Hartl, Hartlov\u00e1, 2000).<\/p>\n<p>MKN 10 (1993) rozli\u0161uje \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou ztr\u00e1tu \u010dili dysf\u00e1zii, a af\u00e1zii, ztr\u00e1tu \u00faplnou. Af\u00e1zii \u0159ad\u00ed do kapitoly P\u0159\u00edznaky, znaky a abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed klinick\u00e9 a laboratorn\u00ed n\u00e1lezy neza\u0159azen\u00e9 jinde. Ve skupin\u011b P\u0159\u00edznaky a znaky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u0159e\u010di a hlasu (R47 \u2013 49) najdeme podskupinu R 47 Poruchy \u0159e\u010di neza\u0159azen\u00e9 jinde. V t\u00e9to podskupin\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pod ozna\u010den\u00edm R 47.0 dysf\u00e1zie a af\u00e1zie, pod ozna\u010den\u00edm R 47.1 anartrie, dysartrie.<br \/>\nAf\u00e1zie je \u0159azena mezi poruchy jazyka na rozd\u00edl od dysartrie, kter\u00e1 je \u0159azena k motorick\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m \u0159e\u010di.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost af\u00e1zie, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b apraxie \u010di agnozie jako symptomu demence v psychiatrick\u00e9 a gerontologick\u00e9 diagnostice, nelze ztoto\u017enit s neurologickou diagnostikou lok\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed CNS, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z hlediska p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a progn\u00f3zy projev\u016f fatick\u00fdch poruch (\u0160kodov\u00e1, Jedli\u010dka, 2003).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-17ow9aq-aaf82900987f0cc25d0c7a0a34b0f5de\">\n.avia-image-container.av-17ow9aq-aaf82900987f0cc25d0c7a0a34b0f5de img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-17ow9aq-aaf82900987f0cc25d0c7a0a34b0f5de .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-17ow9aq-aaf82900987f0cc25d0c7a0a34b0f5de av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1407 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1407 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Headache.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='Headache.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1dbvsaa-3a61682852ae20e4851572557e673674\">\n.flex_column.av-1dbvsaa-3a61682852ae20e4851572557e673674{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1dbvsaa-3a61682852ae20e4851572557e673674 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1al6bwi-3650d64ef6c07b933fe3fa412f2995ac av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-12  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Diagnostika af\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-19jht0y-553d0ee1bc2ce3b7b193eac5550e6363 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je mnoho af\u00e1ziologick\u00fdch \u0161kol, kter\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou maj\u00ed sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k diagnostice. V\u0161echny \u0161koly se v\u0161ak soust\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a hodnocen\u00ed spont\u00e1nn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, porozum\u011bn\u00ed, opakov\u00e1n\u00ed a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00e1le pak na deficity symbolick\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed &#8211; lexie (\u010dten\u00ed), grafie (psan\u00ed) a kalkulie (po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-15wkl3m-20d834125f203f12d8e5eb9a26f171f7\">\n.flex_column.av-15wkl3m-20d834125f203f12d8e5eb9a26f171f7{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-15wkl3m-20d834125f203f12d8e5eb9a26f171f7 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-14y40lu-df1b9172e0694de7e4d65f0819328a6e av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-15  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pacienta s af\u00e1zi\u00ed testem WAB<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-13m4woi-35670d124200b9fc15d24bab850e5614 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed testem WAB &#8211; Western Aphasia Battery prov\u00e1d\u00ed klinick\u00fd logoped, kter\u00fd tak dok\u00e1\u017ee stanovit p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diagn\u00f3zu i kvantitativn\u00ed obraz poruchy \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch modalit, jako jsou: spont\u00e1nn\u00ed \u0159e\u010d, percepce (rozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di), opakov\u00e1n\u00ed a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed. AQ &#8211; af\u00e1zia kvocient je v\u00fdsledn\u00fdm bodov\u00fdm hodnocen\u00edm fatick\u00e9 poruchy. Tak lze po retestu s odstupem zjistit, ve kter\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 modalit\u011b do\u0161lo ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-zr0rgy-af29d3ece334a3b1e3df13bc70f72eab\">\n.flex_column.av-zr0rgy-af29d3ece334a3b1e3df13bc70f72eab{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-zr0rgy-af29d3ece334a3b1e3df13bc70f72eab av_one_full  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-xrvoea-981c7b49bcfa84089a22d93a8474079e av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-18  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Bostonsk\u00e1 klasifikace af\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-wbagj6-e81564a91e1a1eedaec859f765618813 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<li>Brocova af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<li>Wernickeova af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<li>Konduk\u010dn\u00ed\/konduktivn\u00ed af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<li>Transkortik\u00e1ln\u00ed senzorick\u00e1 af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<li>Transkortik\u00e1ln\u00ed motorick\u00e1 af\u00e1zie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1130342-d1e0b168c8192178cb612fbb28b83a07\">\n.avia-image-container.av-1130342-d1e0b168c8192178cb612fbb28b83a07 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-1130342-d1e0b168c8192178cb612fbb28b83a07 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-1130342-d1e0b168c8192178cb612fbb28b83a07 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1236 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1236 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MRI-Scan-Image.jpeg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='MRI Scan Image.jpeg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-u0amsy-72c24ca988e29f264c70b01b2b0ff188\">\n.flex_column.av-u0amsy-72c24ca988e29f264c70b01b2b0ff188{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-u0amsy-72c24ca988e29f264c70b01b2b0ff188 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-snmnte-4b5e65ca6eb83c708d4865409b6fb3a6 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-22  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed af\u00e1zie (AQ = 10,5)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-rxfl76-72ee16b3baa65ed50ed230d99c79ce19 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 forma s posti\u017een\u00edm v\u0161ech \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch modalit, spont\u00e1nn\u00ed \u0159e\u010d je neplynul\u00e1 (je-li v\u016fbec n\u011bjak\u00e1), t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez informa\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty. \u0160patn\u00e9 je i porozum\u011bn\u00ed, opakov\u00e1n\u00ed a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed; pacienti produkuj\u00ed \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 elementy formou stereotypn\u00edch vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, ob\u010das vyslov\u00ed 2-3 slova, kr\u00e1tkou v\u011btu emocion\u00e1ln\u00edho obsahu, \u010dasto nad\u00e1vku.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-o1n82q-b61604cf738ba9c728105aacc82f67e1\">\n.flex_column.av-o1n82q-b61604cf738ba9c728105aacc82f67e1{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-o1n82q-b61604cf738ba9c728105aacc82f67e1 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mal7ea-8072e041cf73d5dfb258e7d71f4804cc av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-25  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Brocova af\u00e1zie (AQ = 31,7)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5nklu-cf6c98f51b9f1ef6649bb1d7582375df '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je charakterizov\u00e1na naru\u0161en\u00edm \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 produkce a relativn\u011b dob\u0159e zachovan\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm \u0159e\u010di. Pacienti mluv\u00ed m\u00e1lo, s velk\u00fdm \u00fasil\u00edm, \u010dasto se z\u0159etelnou frustrac\u00ed, ale jsou schopni sd\u011blit ur\u010ditou informaci. Obvykle jsou p\u0159\u00edtomny fonemick\u00e9 paraf\u00e1zie, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u00e1m hl\u00e1sek, slabik i slov. Paraf\u00e1zie mohou b\u00fdt \u017eargonov\u00e9 a s\u00e9mantick\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>V \u0159e\u010di jsou \u010dast\u00e9 agramatismy, kdy vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed nem\u00e1 spr\u00e1vnou mluvnickou strukturu, je po\u0161kozen\u00e1 syntax (podle Koukol\u00edka),  jedn\u00e1 se o  neschopnost organizovat slova do v\u011bt podle gramatick\u00fdch pravidel se sou\u010dasn\u00fdm  \u0161patn\u00fdm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm nebo neu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm funk\u010dn\u00edch slov, nap\u0159. spojek, p\u0159edlo\u017eek, z\u00e1jmen a pomocn\u00fdch sloves, d\u00e1le pak p\u0159\u00edpon pro \u010das a rod. Jedn\u00e1 se o tzv. telegrafick\u00fd styl \u0159e\u010di. <\/p>\n<p>Opakov\u00e1n\u00ed a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed je naru\u0161eno, ale m\u00edsty je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e spont\u00e1nn\u00ed \u0159e\u010d. Poruchy v ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, nap\u0159. pasivn\u00edch v\u011bt \u2013 nepochop\u00ed, ale pochop\u00ed aktivn\u00ed formu; fonologick\u00e9 poruchy \u2013 zam\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hl\u00e1sky p za b.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i prav\u00e9 Brocov\u011b af\u00e1zii je po\u0161kozena zadn\u00ed t\u0159etina lev\u00e9ho doln\u00edho \u010deln\u00edho z\u00e1vitu a soused\u00edc\u00ed korov\u00e1 pole, b\u00edl\u00e1 hmota a baz\u00e1ln\u00ed ganglia.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje je\u0161t\u011b af\u00e1zie Brocovy oblasti, kdy je po\u0161kozena b\u00edl\u00e1 hmota, nikoli korov\u00e9 oblasti. Artikula\u010dn\u00ed porucha se v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ozna\u010duje jako Afemie.  (Donnan 1999).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jjvjaq-8332482523bf5d6795e65398c9bfd7ca\">\n.flex_column.av-jjvjaq-8332482523bf5d6795e65398c9bfd7ca{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-jjvjaq-8332482523bf5d6795e65398c9bfd7ca av_one_full  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-hs0d8i-8056c8c30d1a9d8dbecb5d7563037038 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-28  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Afemie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-fft15e-773b049346f9b9cfd11481e2680e06aa '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je \u0159e\u010dov\u00e1 apraxie i dyspraxie, je d\u016fsledkem c\u00e9vn\u00edho po\u0161kozen\u00ed premotorick\u00e9 k\u016fry lev\u00e9 hemisf\u00e9ry (jako Brocova af\u00e1zie). Pacienti zam\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed hl\u00e1sky, nepo\u0161lou vzdu\u0161n\u00fd polibek a nezap\u00edskaj\u00ed (souvis\u00ed s hybnost\u00ed). Brocovu af\u00e1zii doprov\u00e1z\u00ed pravostrann\u00e1 hemipar\u00e9za, pacienti jsou si po\u0161kozen\u00ed v\u011bdomi, b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dasto depresivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bvh1pe-bb2564d52fab873009e032db0be1809c\">\n.flex_column.av-bvh1pe-bb2564d52fab873009e032db0be1809c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-bvh1pe-bb2564d52fab873009e032db0be1809c av_one_full  avia-builder-el-30  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-b39yhu-661fd117a805eb4ee516b43cb73ddd3a av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-31  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Transkortik\u00e1ln\u00ed motorick\u00e1 af\u00e1zie (AQ = 54,4)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-9gl1oi-9e274449931b87f13100f0d0100f95a0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je s dobr\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm a dokonal\u00fdm opakov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale pacient s\u00e1m produkuje \u0159e\u010d velmi m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-oznpv6-ccff02773b6d3e11031a595074943a24\">\n.avia-image-container.av-oznpv6-ccff02773b6d3e11031a595074943a24 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-oznpv6-ccff02773b6d3e11031a595074943a24 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-oznpv6-ccff02773b6d3e11031a595074943a24 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1408 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1408 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Speech20Therapy20Session-1.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='SpeechTherapySession-1.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-71swjm-b6e213bf42ee7b7464cf9a525949c2e3\">\n.flex_column.av-71swjm-b6e213bf42ee7b7464cf9a525949c2e3{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-71swjm-b6e213bf42ee7b7464cf9a525949c2e3 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-63s71e-a7a513381ba25100e3467ac16db846c9 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-35  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Wernickeova af\u00e1zie (AQ = 39,0)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4c5lma-711abc29469d78f5f9468dfd076b4b6e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>mluva je plynul\u00e1, parafatick\u00e1 (viz v\u00fd\u0161e), s naru\u0161en\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm, opakov\u00e1n\u00edm a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti dosahuj\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed neologick\u00fdch (nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch) paraf\u00e1zi\u00ed najednou a zpravidla neuv\u011bdom\u011ble.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161inou se velmi div\u00ed, \u017ee jim okol\u00ed nerozum\u00ed nebo \u017ee okol\u00ed mluv\u00ed \u201edivn\u011b&#8220;. \u010casto jsou myln\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1ni jako pacienti psychiatri\u010dt\u00ed (nej\u010dast\u011bji mani\u010dt\u00ed), nebo\u0165 je p\u0159\u00edtomna logorhea a jejich obsahov\u011b nesrozumiteln\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 dojem zmatenosti (amence).<\/p>\n<p>Wernickeova oblast je dnes ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako gramatick\u00fd a syntaktick\u00fd procesor. Gramatika je u Koukol\u00edka ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako synonymum syntaxe, nikoli m\u00edsto, kde se \u0159e\u010d ch\u00e1pe. Wernickeova af\u00e1zie nem\u00e1 motorick\u00e9 poruchy,  nemocn\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt \u00fazkostn\u00ed, neklidn\u00ed, ale i eufori\u010dt\u00ed nebo paranoidn\u00ed. Je zachov\u00e1na syntax a fonologie jazyka, rovn\u011b\u017e konstruk\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti. Rozpad s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 struktury a po\u0161kozen\u00ed ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu pojm\u016f zp\u016fsobuje tzv. s\u00e9mantickou demenci.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-tdj8ci-5758c86bb6b19ed7b2df0ff547ff6b55\">\n.flex_column.av-tdj8ci-5758c86bb6b19ed7b2df0ff547ff6b55{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-tdj8ci-5758c86bb6b19ed7b2df0ff547ff6b55 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-37  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se1i6r-1d8ca05ec0c81f5d4421507310d706d1 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-38  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Transkortik\u00e1ln\u00ed senzorick\u00e1 af\u00e1zie (AQ = 59,6)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se1vjo-21f733995bb76f3089e3468ec5db3712 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>mluva je fluentn\u00ed s dobr\u00fdm opakov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale slab\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm a pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm. \u010casto mohou b\u00fdt tyto p\u0159\u00edznaky pacienta \u0159azeny k senzorick\u00e9 variant\u011b izolovan\u00e9ho \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho syndromu.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2sdpo2-320bb1d2cd5f56dc4f1787fc5adeb974\">\n.flex_column.av-2sdpo2-320bb1d2cd5f56dc4f1787fc5adeb974{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2sdpo2-320bb1d2cd5f56dc4f1787fc5adeb974 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-40  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se25af-1a0b598e09e6f0cffb271b73a15b5ee9 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-41  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Konduk\u010dn\u00ed\/ konduktivn\u00ed af\u00e1zie (AQ = 60,5)<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se2gl7-db8863c3c75c21b17e7baca9b1aab4f3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>u tohoto typu af\u00e1zie je velmi ochuzen\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed s relativn\u011b plynul\u00fdm, ale parafatick\u00fdm vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm. \u010casto zam\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed hl\u00e1sky (fon\u00e9mick\u00e9 paraf\u00e1zie), v\u011bt\u0161inou dob\u0159e rozum\u00ed, nemocn\u00ed mluv\u00ed srozumiteln\u011b. \u010cast\u00e1 je porucha pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; Anomie.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se2u0x-6752793f1c3dd27fbd2a0bcbb84f5ef2\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5se2u0x-6752793f1c3dd27fbd2a0bcbb84f5ef2 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5se2u0x-6752793f1c3dd27fbd2a0bcbb84f5ef2 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5se2u0x-6752793f1c3dd27fbd2a0bcbb84f5ef2 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-43  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1409 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1409 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Doctor20Teaching20on20Seminar.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='DoctorTeachingonSeminar.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qdzhmq-8669a602b9850cf47e64be5a96e520dc\">\n.flex_column.av-qdzhmq-8669a602b9850cf47e64be5a96e520dc{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-qdzhmq-8669a602b9850cf47e64be5a96e520dc av_one_full  avia-builder-el-44  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se3bnu-0b901753cb09db4bf8743fbff83ebefe av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-45  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Amnestick\u00e1 af\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se3oz7-23d11325dd37ac5846ac15e0de81c97c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>v t\u00e9to klasifikaci se neuv\u00e1d\u00ed jako samostatn\u00fd typ. (AQ = 83,3) Pacienti maj\u00ed plynul\u00e9, \u010dasto rozvl\u00e1\u010dn\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, spojen\u00e9 s dobr\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm a opakov\u00e1n\u00edm, ale naru\u0161en\u00fdm pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm.  Z\u0159eteln\u011b u nich vynikaj\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee v hled\u00e1n\u00ed slov nebo pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed zrakov\u00fdch podn\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ncjdhu-3851753a28857c64c11be2ad2aaf6704\">\n.flex_column.av-ncjdhu-3851753a28857c64c11be2ad2aaf6704{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ncjdhu-3851753a28857c64c11be2ad2aaf6704 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-47  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se41yk-24affe46301be38a49df7ae60b52a7d0 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-48  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Symtomatologie af\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se54lz-194a0528e8156056912b632886483e8c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Komunikace afatik\u016f je variabiln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad od p\u0159\u00edpadu a i samotn\u00e1 komunikace jednoho klienta se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu terapie neust\u00e1le m\u011bn\u00ed. Lze tvrdit, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b af\u00e1zie se jedn\u00e1 o diagnostickou terapii, kdy neust\u00e1le zji\u0161\u0165ujeme, jak moc je kter\u00e1 modalita \u0159e\u010di klienta naru\u0161ena a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u016fsob\u00edme terapeuticky.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed symptomatologii lze shrnout do t\u011bchto okruh\u016f (Csefalvay,1996):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 fluence \u0159e\u010di,<\/li>\n<li>poruchy pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>\u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 automatismy,<\/li>\n<li>perseverace,<\/li>\n<li>agramatismy,<\/li>\n<li>paraf\u00e1zie,<\/li>\n<li>poruchy rozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di,<\/li>\n<li>poruchy \u010dten\u00ed a psan\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lxf3hu-b9d8626d9baf11bb4c53cd6ba131f8fb\">\n.flex_column.av-lxf3hu-b9d8626d9baf11bb4c53cd6ba131f8fb{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-lxf3hu-b9d8626d9baf11bb4c53cd6ba131f8fb av_one_full  avia-builder-el-50  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se5ji5-a9a80b27c5f6cbe5b58c59539f378974 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-51  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 fluence \u0159e\u010di<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se620y-606f70c20bbb8a25b5789f998a8b9807 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Fluenc\u00ed podle \u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e9 (2003) rozum\u00edme plynulost \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho projevu. Norma stanovuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 120 slov za minutu. V\u00e1zne-li \u0159e\u010dov\u00e1 produkce pod 50 slov za minutu, jedn\u00e1 se o nonfluenci. Opakem je hyperfluence, kdy po\u010det slov za minutu p\u0159es\u00e1hne hranici 200 slov.<\/p>\n<p>Fluentn\u00ed af\u00e1zie tedy odpov\u00edd\u00e1 norm\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9mu projevu, prozodie \u0159e\u010di b\u00fdv\u00e1 neporu\u0161ena a informa\u010dn\u00ed hodnota v\u00fdpov\u011bdi odpov\u00edd\u00e1 dan\u00e9 situaci (\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, 2003). P\u0159i nonfluenci je tempo \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9 produkce velmi zpomalen\u00e9 a te\u017ekop\u00e1dn\u00e9. Objevuj\u00ed se dlouh\u00e9 pauzy v projevu. Klienti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed krat\u0161\u00ed fr\u00e1ze (Cs\u00e9falvay, Traubner, 1996).<\/p>\n<p>Hyperfluence je charakteristick\u00e1 p\u0159ekotn\u00fdm tempem \u0159e\u010di a\u017e logorheou[1]. \u010casto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b hl\u00e1sek, slabik i slov a doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak k vzniku neologism\u016f[2]. V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f klienta ztr\u00e1c\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed hodnotu (\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, 2003).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgeqqq-8e8216588461d8e03bb20c0c15086c5a\">\n.flex_column.av-lgeqqq-8e8216588461d8e03bb20c0c15086c5a{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-lgeqqq-8e8216588461d8e03bb20c0c15086c5a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-53  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se6jeq-2b1f96c1c34139980a7310611cec1633 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-54  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Poruchy pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed: anomie, dysnomie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se747s-dc8f07c0b2b0b2ae655cea45ddca07e3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Anomie je typick\u00e1 pro ka\u017ed\u00fd typ af\u00e1zie. Projevuje se u\u017e p\u0159i prvn\u00edm kontaktu s klientem, kdy klient hled\u00e1 adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed term\u00edn pro ur\u010ditou situaci, \u010dinnost, v\u011bc, osobu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s opisem dan\u00e9ho slova. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee klient nenajde vhodn\u00fd term\u00edn, u\u017eije tzv. zautomatizovan\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze, nap\u0159. \u201eto je takov\u00e9\u2026\u201c, \u201ej\u00e1 to v\u00edm, ale nem\u016f\u017eu to \u0159\u00edct.\u201c. Jindy u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 paraf\u00e1zie [3]. N\u011bkdy pro vybaven\u00ed dan\u00e9ho slova pom\u00e1h\u00e1 n\u00e1pov\u011bda prvn\u00ed slabiky.<\/p>\n<p>[1] logorhea \u2013 nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd a nezastaviteln\u00fd proud \u0159e\u010di bez ohledu na obsah<br \/>\n[2] neologismus \u2013 slovn\u00ed novotvar<br \/>\n[3] s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 paraf\u00e1zie \u2013 m\u00edsto zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9ho slova si vybav\u00ed slovo podobn\u00e9 (pero-tu\u017eka)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se7bt9-28937fd663922b0b3c3c23ec61010ac2\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5se7bt9-28937fd663922b0b3c3c23ec61010ac2 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5se7bt9-28937fd663922b0b3c3c23ec61010ac2 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5se7bt9-28937fd663922b0b3c3c23ec61010ac2 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-56  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1410 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1410 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Document20with20Pen.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='DocumentwithPen.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ifv7g2-4e99e2b5b1ac83a5721fba472570c140\">\n.flex_column.av-ifv7g2-4e99e2b5b1ac83a5721fba472570c140{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ifv7g2-4e99e2b5b1ac83a5721fba472570c140 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-57  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se7psk-be0e0622c96b9066b4cc5dc5293bf1b4 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-58  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >\u0158e\u010dov\u00e9 automatismy<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se7zvk-e078b7a46058470f5558e6e9539f3473 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u0158e\u010dov\u00e9 automatismy se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159i t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch stupn\u00edch af\u00e1zi\u00ed, kdy klient st\u00e1le a vytrvale produkuje neologismy, slova i v\u011bty. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o stereotypii itera\u010dn\u00ed, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k produkci bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdch slabik (\u201en\u00f3n\u00f3 \u2013 nana\u201c), nebo o stereotypii \u017eargonovou, kter\u00e1 se li\u0161\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee klient opakuje neologismy (\u201eby tu vi\u201c).<\/p>\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bji se stereotypn\u00ed opakov\u00e1n\u00ed objevuje p\u0159i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed af\u00e1zii jako jedin\u00fd mluvn\u00ed projev. N\u011bkdy klient opakuje srozumiteln\u00e1 slova, \u010dasto nad\u00e1vku.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-h23kzm-2da6d44e6c89b0d593d09505eb7e3159\">\n.flex_column.av-h23kzm-2da6d44e6c89b0d593d09505eb7e3159{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-h23kzm-2da6d44e6c89b0d593d09505eb7e3159 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-60  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se8c9d-0e9224ee8b4b8063cf6925f2b366f6e5 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-61  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Perseverace<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se8md6-710e6ef79d17b16e2e5370b5302f101f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Perseverac\u00ed se rozum\u00ed ulp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u0159edchoz\u00edm podn\u011btu, a to i p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edch odpov\u011bd\u00edch, kdy\u017e ur\u010dit\u00fd podn\u011bt ji\u017e nep\u016fsob\u00ed (\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, 2003). Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je odli\u0161it perseveraci od   echol\u00e1lie[1].<\/p>\n<p>[1] echol\u00e1lie \u2013 ozv\u011bnovit\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed sly\u0161en\u00fdch slabik, slov, v\u011bt po druh\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-fw5dpe-249e863a948ff60435bccc3d51830775\">\n.flex_column.av-fw5dpe-249e863a948ff60435bccc3d51830775{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-fw5dpe-249e863a948ff60435bccc3d51830775 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-63  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5se8zlg-39fccd64f30924b3c5d521e877b9911e av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-64  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Agramatismy<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5se9xhb-0d78e5bbff9062c00cedf2a71ab79ea3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Agramatismy maj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch r\u016fznou podobu. Jedn\u00e1 se o poruchu syntaktick\u00e9 struktury jazyka a nejv\u00edce se projevuj\u00ed p\u0159i produkci gramatick\u00e9ho celku klienta. V \u0159e\u010di se objevuj\u00ed zm\u011bny v proz\u00f3dii.<br \/>\nProz\u00f3die pat\u0159\u00ed k neverb\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017ece \u0159e\u010di. K prozodick\u00fdm faktor\u016fm \u0159ad\u00edme v\u00fd\u0161ku hlasu, hlasitost, t\u00e9mbr, rychlost, tlak, akcent pauzy a melodie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Poruchy proz\u00f3die lze d\u011blit (Monrad-Krohn in Kuli\u0161\u0165\u00e1k 2003):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dysproz\u00f3die \u2013 projevuje se zm\u011bnou v idiosynkratick\u00fdch a dialektick\u00fdch kvalit\u00e1ch hlasu, objevuje se tzv. \u201eciz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzvuk\u201c. Setk\u00e1v\u00e1me se s n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u motorick\u00e9 af\u00e1zie, spojuje se s levostrann\u00fdmi front\u00e1ln\u00edmi l\u00e9zemi;<\/li>\n<li>aproz\u00f3die \u2013 jak ji\u017e samotn\u00e1 p\u0159edpona \u201ea\u201c nazna\u010duje, jedn\u00e1 se \u00faplnou ztr\u00e1tu prozodick\u00fdch faktor\u016f. \u010casto ji lze pozorovat u Parkinsonovy choroby;<\/li>\n<li>hyperproz\u00f3die \u2013 je nadm\u011brn\u00e9 a\u017e excesivn\u00ed u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed prozodick\u00fdch faktor\u016f. Lze ji vid\u011bt u manick\u00fdch pacient\u016f a doprov\u00e1z\u00ed i Brocovu af\u00e1zii, kdy maj\u00ed pacienti jen velmi omezen\u00fd slovn\u00edk a nadm\u011brn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed prozodick\u00fdch faktor\u016f ke sd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch postoj\u016f a emoc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 agramatismu se vyzna\u010duje tak, \u017ee klient v \u0159e\u010di pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze plnov\u00fdznamov\u00e1 slova, bez flexe a v \u0159ad\u011b za sebou<br \/>\n(Cs\u00e9falvay, Traubner, 1996).<\/p>\n<p>Typick\u00fd znak afatick\u00e9ho \u017eargonu se ozna\u010duje jako paragramatismus[1]. Rozd\u00edlem mezi agramatismem a paragramatismem je ten, \u017ee p\u0159i paragramatismu po\u010det slov ve v\u011bt\u011b nen\u00ed redukov\u00e1n, klient nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 plnov\u00fdznamov\u00e1 slova, prozodick\u00e9 faktory \u0159e\u010di z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v norm\u011b<br \/>\n(Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, 2001).<br \/>\n\u200b<br \/>\n[1] paragramatismus \u2013 porucha \u0159e\u010di projevuj\u00edc\u00ed se ve ztr\u00e1t\u011b schopnosti spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho gramatick\u00e9ho vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sead79-8d9630d65053c6eadac2d6b8f35979e7\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5sead79-8d9630d65053c6eadac2d6b8f35979e7 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5sead79-8d9630d65053c6eadac2d6b8f35979e7 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5sead79-8d9630d65053c6eadac2d6b8f35979e7 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-66  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1411 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1411 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tooth-dentist-people-health-food.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='tooth-dentist-people-health-food.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-e07tky-b0fe8e0bd2cfe02a73b4f8f6dfa45bf6\">\n.flex_column.av-e07tky-b0fe8e0bd2cfe02a73b4f8f6dfa45bf6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-e07tky-b0fe8e0bd2cfe02a73b4f8f6dfa45bf6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-67  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5seb8jp-7952b17a0c61d9fe925d8a59d847e124 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-68  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Paraf\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5sec0qo-19dda55ccd5f663d91a5949e305da6db '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Paraf\u00e1zi\u00ed se ozna\u010duje deformace slov r\u016fzn\u00e9ho stupn\u011b a typu (Cs\u00e9falvay, Traubner, 1996). Klient ne\u00famysln\u011b nahrazuje slovo jin\u00fdm slovem, kter\u00e9 se podob\u00e1 slovu, kter\u00e9 chce vyslovit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rozezn\u00e1v\u00e1me 3 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy paraf\u00e1zi\u00ed (Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, 2001):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>fonemickou \u2013 vy\u0159\u010den\u00e9 slovo se li\u0161\u00ed jedn\u00edm distinktivn\u00edm rysem nebo v\u00edce rysy, ale slabi\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1klad slova z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 napodoben. V jin\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je slovo deformov\u00e1no, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 prvky jsou zachov\u00e1ny, nebo klient vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed slovn\u00ed hybrid, kter\u00fd vznik\u00e1 slo\u017een\u00edm dvou slov.<\/li>\n<li>s\u00e9mantickou \u2013 m\u00edsto slova zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9ho si klient vybav\u00ed slovo v\u00fdznamov\u011b podobn\u00e9. N\u011bkdy sem \u0159ad\u00edme i vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed opisem.<\/li>\n<li>\u017eargonov\u00e1 \u2013 slova jsou natolik zdeformov\u00e1na, \u017ee produkovan\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di nelze rozum\u011bt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cv3742-6aab97890d79278c899a0e931adec543\">\n.flex_column.av-cv3742-6aab97890d79278c899a0e931adec543{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-cv3742-6aab97890d79278c899a0e931adec543 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-70  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5secnmf-9da5210d5a5c534b3482ba682fb89ab5 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-71  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Parafr\u00e1zie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5secyt2-5b770d20735182aa2286d565a71ef732 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Opisov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdznamu slova \u010di pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed synonymn\u00edch v\u00fdraz\u016f slova, aby se pacient vyhnul t\u0159eba slovu, kter\u00e9 se mu v\u0161ak obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b vyslovuje nebo si na slovo nevzpomene.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-am715e-cf7cd164ed3715b7647ef3df199fe7f9\">\n.flex_column.av-am715e-cf7cd164ed3715b7647ef3df199fe7f9{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-am715e-cf7cd164ed3715b7647ef3df199fe7f9 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-73  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5sed7oy-e4f089ce70fbbc8ff9d46172210b9f60 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-74  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Poruchy rozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5sedjgu-74b03c06784663ba848b9f3e32388e4b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>N\u011bkdy jsou poruchy rozum\u011bn\u00ed patrn\u00e9 hned p\u0159i prvn\u00edm kontaktu, jindy se objev\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159i detailn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<br \/>\n(\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, 2003).<\/p>\n<p>\u010casto je klient schopen vykonat p\u0159\u00edkaz  na podklad\u011b toho, \u017ee pochop\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz na z\u00e1klad\u011b dan\u00e9 situace.<\/p>\n<p>Nutn\u00e9 je si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee ne v\u017edy lze tvrdit, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o poruchu rozum\u011bn\u00ed, kdy\u017e vy\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed hodnot\u00ed pouze v\u00fdstup. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 reakce na p\u0159\u00edkaz mohou b\u00fdt nelingvistick\u00e9 faktory<br \/>\n(Cs\u00e9falvay, Traubner, 1996).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9ty87m-501393a30dd89f34b6d6a713134459bc\">\n.flex_column.av-9ty87m-501393a30dd89f34b6d6a713134459bc{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-9ty87m-501393a30dd89f34b6d6a713134459bc av_one_full  avia-builder-el-76  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5sedvsg-c4fdf979c6cf57f028f60cc27df6bc1e av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-77  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Poruchy psan\u00ed a \u010dten\u00ed<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5seeekb-242d3cd9a868f2d0fcae3a5c813760d3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Probl\u00e9my v hovorov\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di se prom\u00edtaj\u00ed i do grafick\u00e9 str\u00e1nky jazyka. Ztr\u00e1ta schopnosti ps\u00e1t i p\u0159es zachovanou motoriku ruky se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 agrafie. Rozli\u0161ujeme n\u011bkolik typ\u016f agrafie (\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, 2003):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dili \u00faplnou ztr\u00e1tu schopnosti ps\u00e1t,<\/li>\n<li>disociovan\u00e1 \u2013 ozna\u010duje ztr\u00e1tu jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze schopnost\u00ed psan\u00ed[1],<\/li>\n<li>amnestick\u00e1 \u2013 se vyzna\u010duje ztr\u00e1tou vybavov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsmen, slov,<\/li>\n<li>paragrafie \u2013 jedn\u00e1 se o chybnou z\u00e1m\u011bnu p\u00edsmen, slabik vedouc\u00ed k deformaci slova, v\u011bty,<\/li>\n<li>grafick\u00e1 perseverace \u2013 ulp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, st\u00e1l\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho grafick\u00e9ho znaku,<\/li>\n<li>agrafie konstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u2013 neschopnost zvolit spr\u00e1vn\u00fd sm\u011br pro psan\u00ed, r\u00fdsov\u00e1n\u00ed a zm\u011bnit dan\u00fd sm\u011br.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ztr\u00e1ta \u010di porucha schopnosti \u010d\u00edst nebo rozum\u011bt psan\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di se ozna\u010duje jako alexie.<\/p>\n<p>[1] vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed grafie zahrnuje: spont\u00e1nn\u00ed psan\u00ed, psan\u00ed na dikt\u00e1t a opis<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5seeufm-6468dd144ededb989fd245fbcbb3c571\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5seeufm-6468dd144ededb989fd245fbcbb3c571 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5seeufm-6468dd144ededb989fd245fbcbb3c571 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5seeufm-6468dd144ededb989fd245fbcbb3c571 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-79  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1412 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1412 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Writing-in-Notepad.jpeg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='Writing in Notepad.jpeg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-756n9e-52491490b41b2663c80e84212dae89bb\">\n.flex_column.av-756n9e-52491490b41b2663c80e84212dae89bb{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-756n9e-52491490b41b2663c80e84212dae89bb av_one_full  avia-builder-el-80  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5sefki0-c4cf7d8bc6ce31f9e8e2d41ed6e69612 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-81  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Apraxie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5seftnn-e217ec92817a14fb2fee1a9b4f5189d6 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Apraxie je ozna\u010den\u00ed pro poruchy expresivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o  ztr\u00e1tu nebo poruchu schopnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bt nacvi\u010den\u00e9 (\u017eivotn\u00ed prax\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9) pohybov\u00e9 v\u00fdkony nebo napodobovat pohyby p\u0159edveden\u00e9 druhou osobou. V literatu\u0159e nen\u00ed d\u011blen\u00ed apraxi\u00ed jednotn\u00e9. Hrbek rozli\u0161uje jen jednu apraxii, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy a li\u0161\u00ed se stupn\u011bm poruchy na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch integrace<br \/>\n(\u0160kodov\u00e1, Jedli\u010dka, 2003).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kx79u-1fe8bfccc4ab5c9926e25fc42f3d0c91\">\n.flex_column.av-kx79u-1fe8bfccc4ab5c9926e25fc42f3d0c91{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-kx79u-1fe8bfccc4ab5c9926e25fc42f3d0c91 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-83  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5seg2ch-797f88dc034748e6bf1e150a847b5109 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-84  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Typy apraxi\u00ed <\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5segn6s-38d86e86825caadb3f82934ede339e08 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li>konstruk\u010dn\u00ed apraxie (porucha vytvo\u0159en\u00ed obrazce dle p\u0159edlohy),<\/li>\n<li>motorick\u00e1 apraxie (ztr\u00e1ta schopnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bt zautomatizovan\u00e9 pohyby),<\/li>\n<li>ideomotorick\u00e1 apraxie (spr\u00e1vn\u00fd ideativn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pohybu, poru\u0161ena \u010dasov\u00e1 a prostorov\u00e1 evokace kinestetick\u00fdch a kinetick\u00fdch engram\u016f),<\/li>\n<li>ideativn\u00ed apraxie (poru\u0161ena tvorba ideativn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu pohybu) (\u0160kodov\u00e1, Jedli\u010dka, 2003).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Apraxie, zejm\u00e9na ideativn\u00ed apraxie, velmi zt\u011b\u017euje pr\u00e1ci s pacientem ve v\u0161ech st\u00e1di\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Zt\u011b\u017euje rehabilitaci i o\u0161et\u0159ovatelskou p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3kjav6-5fb9fcd4de0de7621b09c730c672eea4\">\n.flex_column.av-3kjav6-5fb9fcd4de0de7621b09c730c672eea4{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3kjav6-5fb9fcd4de0de7621b09c730c672eea4 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-86  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5seh2g1-7c2eba605c51b8096a3002664e12001e av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-87  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Agnozie<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5sehd13-6bcb04fa949801b59b1ef69286217aa8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Je ztr\u00e1ta nebo porucha pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed objektivn\u00ed reality.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2b4cua-16505dcb0bf8168f79c20d8f4e7e10fa\">\n.flex_column.av-2b4cua-16505dcb0bf8168f79c20d8f4e7e10fa{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2b4cua-16505dcb0bf8168f79c20d8f4e7e10fa av_one_full  avia-builder-el-89  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:34px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:34px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m5sehm64-ac9f1c466d89c1daf64c1c6f3fd7f24f av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-90  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Typy agnozi\u00ed<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5sej58z-c850c1b7b9da270487e93a405f5b5116 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li>agnozie optick\u00e1 je ztr\u00e1ta nebo porucha schopnosti identifikovat p\u0159edm\u011bty, obli\u010deje, barvy a d\u011bje vn\u00edman\u00e9 zrakem p\u0159i zachovan\u00e9m vizu. Jedinec pozn\u00e1v\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010de nap\u0159. hmatem. Optick\u00e1 agnozie se z\u0159\u00eddka vyskytuje jako samostatn\u00fd syndrom, nej\u010dast\u011bji b\u00fdv\u00e1 spojena s konstruk\u010dn\u00ed apraxi\u00ed, s poruchou prostorov\u00e9 orientace.<\/li>\n<li>Simult\u00e1nn\u00ed agnozie, kdy pacient pozn\u00e1v\u00e1 jednotlivosti, ale nepozn\u00e1v\u00e1 slo\u017eit\u00e9 celky, jde o poruchu integrace optick\u00fdch vjem\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Agnozie barev, ztr\u00e1ta \u010di porucha pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed barev. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 odli\u0161it poruchu pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed barev, zp\u016fsobenou af\u00e1zi\u00ed nebo pouze agnozi\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Prosopagnozie je ztr\u00e1ta schopnosti pozn\u00e1vat obli\u010deje \u010dlen\u016f rodiny, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch osob. Nen\u00ed tak\u00e9 schopen rozli\u0161it mimiku ani v\u00fdraz obli\u010deje \u2013 smutek, radost<\/li>\n<li>Agnozie akustick\u00e1, auditivn\u00ed porucha pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch akustick\u00fdch vjem\u016f, p\u0159i alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zachovan\u00e9m akustick\u00e9m vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed auto\u0159i sem \u0159ad\u00ed percep\u010dn\u00ed af\u00e1zii a amuzii (\u010cech\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 in \u0160kodov\u00e1, Jedli\u010dka, 2003)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Kuli\u0161\u0165\u00e1k (2006) uv\u00e1d\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed typy gnozi\u00ed p\u0159i pravostrann\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed front\u00e1ln\u00edho laloku.:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Asomatognozie, ztr\u00e1ta pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edho t\u011bla nebo stavu<\/li>\n<li>Anosognozie, neuv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si nebo pop\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed choroby,<\/li>\n<li>Anozodiaforie, lhostejnost k vlastn\u00ed chorob\u011b,<\/li>\n<li>Autotopagnozie, neschopnost lokalizovat a pojmenovat \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5sejdr9-c70b2f4b301e49dca483c03e327641dd\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5sejdr9-c70b2f4b301e49dca483c03e327641dd img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5sejdr9-c70b2f4b301e49dca483c03e327641dd .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5sejdr9-c70b2f4b301e49dca483c03e327641dd av-styling-no-styling avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-92  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-1413 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1413 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Color-Palette.jpg-979x430.jpg\" alt='' title='Color Palette.jpg'  height=\"430\" width=\"979\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-1394'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1394","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1394"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1394\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1571,"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1394\/revisions\/1571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.phaze.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}